try this

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { MDBContainer, MDBInput } from 'mdbreact';

class InputPage extends Component {
  state = {
    checkbox: true,
    id: 1
  };

  handleCheckboxChange = (e, i) => {
    const { checkbox } = this.state;
    const { checked, value, id } = e.target;

    if (Number(id) === i) {
      this.setState({ checkbox: !checkbox, id: i });
    }

    console.log(`${value} checked? ${checked}`);
  };

  render() {
    const testArray = [
      { id: 0, label: 'test1' },
      { id: 1, label: 'test2' },
      { id: 2, label: 'test3' },
      { id: 3, label: 'test4' }
    ];

    const { checkbox, id } = this.state;
    return testArray.map((e, i) => {
      return (
        <MDBContainer key={e + i} className='border p-3'>
          <MDBInput
            id={i}
            value='Classic checkbox'
            label={e.label}
            checked={id === i ? checkbox : false}
            onChange={el => this.handleCheckboxChange(el, i)}
            type='checkbox'
            containerClass='my-3'
          />
        </MDBContainer>
      );
    });
  }
}

export default InputPage;

Try something like that:

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { MDBContainer, MDBInput } from 'mdbreact';

class InputPage extends Component {
  state = {
    checkbox: true
  };

  handleCheckboxChange = e => {
    const { checkbox } = this.state;
    const { checked, value } = e.target;
    this.setState({ checkbox: !checkbox });
    console.log(`${value} checked? ${checked}`);
  };

  render() {
    const { checkbox } = this.state;
    return (
      <MDBContainer className='border p-3'>
        <MDBInput
          value='Classic checkbox'
          label='Classic checkbox'
          checked={checkbox}
          onChange={this.handleCheckboxChange}
          type='checkbox'
          id='checkbox'
          containerClass='my-3'
        />
      </MDBContainer>
    );
  }
}

export default InputPage;
enter code here